Collective resistance refers to the coordinated and collective actions taken by individuals or groups to resist oppression, discrimination, or injustice. This can involve various forms of resistance, such as protests, strikes, boycotts, and other forms of nonviolent activism. Collective resistance is often driven by a shared sense of solidarity and the belief that real change can only be achieved through group action. This research area explores the dynamics of collective resistance, including the motivations, strategies, and outcomes of such actions, as well as the factors that contribute to the success or failure of collective resistance movements.